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中文名: 精通CSS：高级Web标准解决方案(第2版)原名: Css Mastery : Advanced Web Standards Solutions (2nd Edition)别名: 精通CSS：高级Web标准解决方案作者: Andy BuddSimon CollisonCameron Moll译者: 陈剑瓯资源格式: PDF版本: 第二版 文字版 扫描版出版社: friends of ED书号: 9781430223979发行时间: 2009年10月29日地区: 大陆,美国,英国语言: 简体中文,英文简介: CSS作为Web标准的一部分，已经成为现代网页设计中必不可少的关键要素。CSS看似简单，但真正精通CSS绝非易事。在使用CSS开发网站时，会遇到形形色色的浏览器bug和不一致问题，而解决方案又五花八门，往往让使用者感觉千头万绪，不知从何着手。 本书将最有用的CSS技术汇总在一起，还总结了CSS设计中的最佳实践，讨论了解决各种实际问题的技术，填补了一直以来CSS图书的空白。正因如此，英文版出版后，一时洛阳纸贵，多次重印，并迅速登上Amazon图书排行榜前列，最高时甚至与《哈利·波特》并驾齐驱，创造了计算机图书的销售奇迹。 作为最新的升级版，本书淘汰了过时的内容，补充了大量CSS领域的新技术，涵盖了CSS 3和HTML 5，无愧于Web设计人员必读的第一经典著作。Product Description:Building on what made the first edition a bestseller, CSS Mastery: Advanced Web Standards Solutions, Second Edition unites the disparate information on CSS-based design spread throughout the internet into one definitive, modern guide. Revised to cover CSS3, the book can be read from front to back, with each chapter building on the previous one. However it can equally be used as a reference book, dipping into each chapter or technique to help solve specific problems. In short, this is the one book on CSS that you need to have.This second edition contains:1. New examples and updated browser support information 2. New case studies from Simon Collison and Cameron Moll 3. CSS3 examples, showing new CSS3 features, and CSS3 equivalents to tried and tested CSS2 techniques What you’ll learn:The best practice concepts in CSS design. The most important (and tricky) parts of CSS Identify and fix the most common CSS problems How to deal with the most common bugs Completely up to date browser support information Covers CSS3 as well as CSS2 showing you the future of CSS Who is this book for? This book will be aimed towards intermediate web designers/developers, although the examples should be simple enough for novice designers/developers with a basic understanding of CSS to grasp. Readers will probably have read beginner/intermediate instructional books such as Web Standards Solutions and will be looking for more practical and in-depth information. This book is likely to have a broad appeal, attracting intermediate developers wanting to improve their skills as well as advanced developers wanting a useful reference.The CSS 2/3 content of the book is delivered in a way that allows readers to learn CSS2 techniques that they can implement now in professional work, and then gem up on CSS3 techniques if they want to start looking towards the future.About the Author:In October 2006 Simon started Erskine Design—based in Nottingham, UK—that grew to become an eight-strong team of creative web designers and developers who are afraid of nothing. Some people say they're one of the best agencies out there, and their clients include major magazines, government stuff, software companies—and polar explorers.Moons ago, he was a successful visual artist, and founded an independent arts org and annual arts festival, putting his degree to some use at least. Then he caught the interwebs bug.As lead web developer at Agenzia from 2002 to 2006, he worked on numerous web projects for major record labels (such as Poptones, Universal) and bands (including The Libertines, Dirty Pretty Things, Beta Band), visual artists and illustrators (Jon Burgerman, Paddy Hartley, Lucy Orta, NOW Festival), businesses, community, and voluntary sector orgs, passionately ensuring everything was accessible and complied with current web standards.He does a bit of public speaking here and there, and will generally do anything for a biscuit and cup of tea, but prefers hard cash.He has lived in many cities, including London and Reykjavik, but has now settled back in his beloved Nottingham, where the grass is green and the girls are pretty. He also drives a 31 year old car, and has a stupid cat called Bearface.Andy Budd is one of the founding partners at User Experience Design Consultancy, Clearleft. As an interaction design and usability specialist, Andy is a regular speaker at international conferences like Web Directions, An Event Apart, and SXSW. Andy curates dConstruct, one of the UK’s most popular design conferences. He’s also responsible for UX London, the UK’s first dedicated usability, information architecture, and user experience design event.Andy was an early champion of web standards in the UK and has developed an intimate understanding of the CSS specification and cross-browser support. As an active member of the community, Andy has helped judge several international design awards and currently sits on the advisory board for .Net magazine. Andy is also the driving force behind Silverbackapp, a low-cost usability testing tool for the Mac. Andy is an avid Twitter user and occasionally blogs at andybudd.com.Never happier than when he’s diving in some remote tropical atoll, Andy is a qualified PADI dive instructor and retired shark wrangler.Cameron Moll has been designing meaningful web interfaces that harmonize utility and presentation since the late 1990s. His work or advice has been featured by HOW, Print, and Communication Arts magazines, Forrester Research, National Public Radio (NPR), and many others. He speaks on user interface design at conferences nationally and internationally, and he is also the author of Mobile Web Design.Cameron is the founder and president of Authentic Jobs Inc., a targeted destination for web and creative professionals and the companies seeking to hire them. He is also the proprietor of Cameron Moll LLC, whose products include letterpress typography posters available for purchase at cameronmoll.bigcartel.com. And amid all this craziness, he still finds time to play ball with each of his four boys.You can also find Cameron online at cameronmoll.com, twitter.com/cameronmoll, flickr.com/photos/authentic, and vimeo.com/cameronmoll. 目录: ContentsForeword ......................................................................................................................xivAbout the Authors........................................................................................................ xvAbout the Technical Reviewers ................................................................................xviiAcknowledgments.....................................................................................................xviiiIntroduction ..................................................................................................................xxWho is this book for?.........................................................................................xxHow is this book structured? .............................................................................xxConventions used in this book .........................................................................xxiChapter 1: Setting the Foundations .............................................................................3Structuring your code ..........................................................................................4A brief history of markup ................................................................................4The power of meaning ............................................................................. 6IDs and class names................................................................................7Naming your elements.............................................................................9IDs or Classes?......................................................................................10Divs and spans ......................................................................................11Microformats ..........................................................................................12Different versions of HTML and CSS.....................................................16Document types, DOCTYPE switching, and browser modes ......................18Validation......................................................................................................18Browser modes......................................................................................20DOCTYPE switching..............................................................................21Summary ...........................................................................................................22Chapter 2: Getting Your Styles to Hit the Target ......................................................25Common selectors .......................................................................................25Pseudo-classes......................................................................................27The universal selector ..................................................................................27Advanced selectors ......................................................................................28Child and adjacent sibling selectors ......................................................28Attribute selectors ..................................................................................30The cascade and specificity .........................................................................35Specificity...............................................................................................35Using specificity in your style sheets .....................................................37Adding a class or an ID to the body tag.................................................38Inheritance....................................................................................................39Planning, organizing, and maintaining your style sheets..................................40Applying styles to your document ................................................................40Structuring your code.............................................................................42Note to self.............................................................................................44Removing comments and optimizing your style sheets.........................45Style guides..................................................................................................45Summary ...........................................................................................................48Chapter 3: Visual Formatting Model Overview .........................................................51Box model recap ...............................................................................................51IE and the box model ...................................................................................53Margin collapsing .........................................................................................54Positioning recap...............................................................................................57The visual formatting model .........................................................................57Relative positioning ......................................................................................59Absolute positioning .....................................................................................60Fixed positioning....................................................................................61Floating.........................................................................................................62Line boxes and clearing.........................................................................63Summary ...........................................................................................................69Chapter 4: Using Backgrounds for Effect..................................................................71Background image basics .................................................................................72Rounded-corner boxes......................................................................................75Fixed-width rounded-corner boxes............................................................... 75Flexible rounded-corner box ..................................................................78Mountaintop corners.....................................................................................81Multiple background images ..................................................................83border-radius.......................................................................................... 85border-image..........................................................................................86Drop shadows ...................................................................................................88Easy CSS drop shadows..............................................................................88Drop shadows à la Clagnut ..........................................................................91Box-shadow ...........................................................................................91Opacity ..............................................................................................................95CSS opacity ...........................................................................................95RGBa .....................................................................................................96PNG transparency .................................................................................97CSS parallax effect ................................................................................99Image replacement..........................................................................................102Fahrner Image Replacement (FIR) ............................................................103Phark ..........................................................................................................104Scalable Inman Flash Replacement (sIFR) ...............................................104Summary .........................................................................................................106Chapter 5: Styling Links ............................................................................................109Simple link styling............................................................................................109Fun with underlines .........................................................................................111Simple link embellishments........................................................................111Fancy link underlines..................................................................................112Visited-link styles.............................................................................................113Styling link targets ...........................................................................................113Highlighting different types of links..................................................................115Highlighting downloadable documents and feeds......................................117Creating links that look like buttons.................................................................118Simple rollovers..........................................................................................120Rollovers with images ................................................................................120Pixy-style rollovers .....................................................................................121CSS sprites.................................................................................................123Rollovers with CSS 3..................................................................................125Pure CSS tooltips............................................................................................128Summary .........................................................................................................130Chapter 6: Styling Lists and Creating Nav Bars .....................................................133Basic list styling ...............................................................................................134Creating a basic vertical nav bar.....................................................................135Highlighting the current page in a nav bar ......................................................138Creating a simple horizontal nav bar...............................................................139Creating a graphical nav bar ...........................................................................142Simplified sliding door tabbed navigation........................................................144Suckerfish drop-downs....................................................................................147CSS image maps ............................................................................................151Flickr-style image maps..............................................................................156Remote rollovers .............................................................................................165A short note about definition lists ....................................................................171Summary .........................................................................................................172Chapter 7: Styling Forms and Data Tables..............................................................175Styling data tables...........................................................................................176Table-specific elements..............................................................................178Summary and caption..........................................................................178thead, tbody, and tfoot .........................................................................178col and colgroups.................................................................................179Data table markup ......................................................................................179Styling the table..........................................................................................181Adding the visual style................................................................................182Simple form layout...........................................................................................185Useful form elements .................................................................................186Form labels ..........................................................................................187The basic layout .........................................................................................188Other elements...........................................................................................189Embellishments ..........................................................................................192Required fields.....................................................................................193Complicated form layout .................................................................................193Accessible date input .................................................................................195Multicolumn check boxes ...........................................................................196Submit buttons.....................................................................................198Form feedback ...........................................................................................201Summary .........................................................................................................203Chapter 8: Layout.......................................................................................................205Planning your layout........................................................................................206Setting the foundations ...................................................................................208Centering a design using margins..............................................................210Float-based layouts.........................................................................................212Two-column floated layout .........................................................................213Three-column floated layout.......................................................................216Fixed-width, liquid, and elastic layout..............................................................219Liquid layouts ..................................................................................................220Elastic layouts .................................................................................................223Liquid and elastic images................................................................................226Faux columns ..................................................................................................228Equal-height columns......................................................................................231CSS 3 columns................................................................................................236CSS Frameworks vs. CSS Systems ...............................................................238Summary .........................................................................................................243Chapter 9: Bugs and Bug Fixing ..............................................................................245Bug hunting .....................................................................................................246Common CSS problems.............................................................................246Problems with specificity and sort order ..............................................247Problems with margin collapsing .........................................................249Bug hunting basics..........................................................................................252Try to avoid bugs in the first place .............................................................254Isolate the problem.....................................................................................254Creating minimal test cases .......................................................................255Fixing the problem, not the symptoms .......................................................256Asking for help............................................................................................256Having layout...................................................................................................256What is layout?...........................................................................................257What effect does layout have?...................................................................258Workarounds ...................................................................................................260Internet Explorer conditional comments.....................................................260A warning about hacks and filters ..............................................................261Using hacks and filters sensibly .................................................................262Applying the IE for Mac band pass filter.....................................................262Applying the star HTML hack .....................................................................263Applying the child selector hack.................................................................264Common bugs and their fixes .........................................................................264Double-margin float bug .............................................................................264Three-pixel text jog bug..............................................................................265IE 6 duplicate character bug.......................................................................267IE 6 peek-a-boo bug...................................................................................269Absolute positioning in a relative container................................................269Stop picking on Internet Explorer ...............................................................270Graded browser support .................................................................................271Summary .........................................................................................................273Chapter 10: Case Study: Roma Italia .......................................................................276About this case study ......................................................................................276The foundation ................................................................................................278An eye towards HTML 5.............................................................................279reset.css .....................................................................................................281The 1080 layout and grid ................................................................................282Using grids in web design ..........................................................................283Advanced CSS2 and CSS3 features ..............................................................285Dowebsitesneedtolookexactlythesameineverybrowser.com?....................285Attribute selector ........................................................................................288box-shadow, RGBa, and text-overflow.......................................................289Font linking and better web typography ..........................................................293Setting font-size like it’s 1999.....................................................................293Hanging punctuation ..................................................................................294Multi-column text layout..............................................................................296@font-face..................................................................................................298Cufón, an interim step towards @font-face................................................301Adding interactivity with Ajax and jQuery........................................................303Ajax.............................................................................................................304jQuery.........................................................................................................305Using Ajax + jQuery for the search feature ................................................307Summary .........................................................................................................310Chapter 11: Case Study: Climb the Mountains .......................................................311About this case study ......................................................................................312Style Sheet organization and conventions......................................................314The hard-working screen.css .....................................................................315Describing contents .............................................................................315Reset ..........................................................................................................316IE style sheets using conditional comments ..............................................317Grid flexibility ...................................................................................................317How does the CTM layout work? ...............................................................318Navigation control with body classes ..............................................................319Highlighting the current page .....................................................................319Layering the blockquote .............................................................................323Strategically targeting elements ......................................................................325Deep descendent selectors........................................................................325The :first-child pseudo-class.......................................................................329Adjacent sibling selectors...........................................................................331Transparency, shadows, and rounded corners...............................................332Our aim.......................................................................................................332Caption image overlay and RGBa transparency........................................333Combining classes .....................................................................................336border-radius ..............................................................................................337box-shadow ................................................................................................339Positioning lists and revealing content............................................................340Rounding the corners .................................................................................343The main elevation chart ............................................................................344Summary .........................................................................................................351Index ............................................................................................................................355 -
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